Effects on Host Response

A. Decreases Inflammation

1. The development of inflammation suppressed smokers with a smaller number of sites to show redness or bleeding on probing [41].

2. Smokers to be less gingivitis with less inflamed marginal tissue [7,15,41,42]. Typical clinical picture smoker gum tissue exhibits a relatively small inflammation of the gums and the trend towards more fibrous appearance with a small swelling. Despite the appearance of clinical, deep pockets, attachment loss and bone loss are common.

3. Reduced bleeding probably by reducing the vascularization. Histological comparison inflammatory lesions from smokers and non-smokers show fewer blood vessels, inflammatory lesions of smokers [43].

a. In non-Smoking, vascularization of periodontal tissues is very pronounced. Typical symptoms of inflammation, such as changes in the gums, redness, swelling of the gums, an increase of gingival crevicular fluid flow, and bleeding on probing (BOP) caused by changes of the vascular system.

B. Smokers, however, the clinical signs of inflammation, including BOP suppressed (Fig. 11-4). For this reason, you should exercise particular caution when performing periodontal screening and examination of smokers. Smokers have no bleeding on probing does not point to healthy tissue, as compared to non-smokers.

4. Gum bleeding on probing increases within 4 to 6 weeks to quit Smoking [44]. Resume bleeding on probing is further proof that Smoking tobacco is the effect on the inflammatory response and that these changes are reversible output.