1. It is much easier to estimate the population of HIV prevalence and incidence of dental caries than for periodontal disease, because caries suitable for a more objective measure. The development and the process of decay is well known, and includes only the structure of the tooth.
1. The prevalence of
periodontal diseases of the U.S. adult population is determined by clinical trials on sections groups using indexes. Indicators measure the quantity and severity of the disease. The indicators used to measure as
gingivitis and periodontitis will vary with different epidemiological studies, as does the extent of the disease is present when the investigation begins. Cm. table 5-1 for a list of frequently used indicators for the
evaluation of periodontal disease.
The research results show that the variables associated with the prevalence of periodontal diseases are persons, gender, race, socio-economic status and age.
1. Floor
a. Males have a higher prevalence and severity of periodontal disease than females.
And the incidence and prevalence
1. Prevalence refers to the number of all cases (both old and new) are diseases that can be defined within a given population at a given point in time (Fig. 5-2).
For example, in 2002 a study of 100 white population in the age from 35 to 45 years old, was done with the prevalence of 50% of this population is recorded as having bleeding when probing. In bleeding gums index (GBI) was used to record bleeding. This prevalence information is not specified how long these people had bleeding gums when probing.
Many generations of researchers and asked : "what is the cause of periodontal disease? while experts, said, "what's the best care to their patients with periodontal disease?" This Chapter discusses the study population mortality (epidemiology) and analyzes the historical and current perspectives on the causes and
progression of periodontal disease.
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases Category is a group of periodontal disease associated with split into two General categories : systemic diseases: (1) hematologic (blood) disorders such as leukemia or acquired neutropenia, and (2) genetic disorders such as down syndrome or leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome.
A. Definition. Periodontal disease as a manifestation of systemic disease-a disease Category that is used when the system state is the major predisposing factor and bacterial infection is a secondary feature of systemic disease.
A small percentage of gum disease concert non-boards-induced gingival lesions-is not the cause of plaque biofilm. Plaque biofilm not etiological role in non-boards-induced destruction of the gums.
B. Reasons. Smoking throughout, memorial boards-induced destruction of the gums may occur due to various reasons, such as viral infections, fungal infections cutaneous (skin diseases, allergic reactions, or mechanical trauma. Gum disease in non-boards-induced lesions may be associated with a specific bacterial, viral or fungal infection [8,9].
Gum disease is usually include inflammation of the gum tissue, most often in response to bacterial plaque biofilm. Gum disease were divided into two main categories: (1) plaque-induced diseases of the gums and (2) the surrender of a RAID-induced destruction of the gums.
1. Plaque-Induced Diseases Of The Gums
A. Definition. RAID-induced gum disease periodontal diseases involving inflammation of the gums in response to bacteria, located in the gingival margin. Gingivitis associated with plague biofilm formation is the most common form of gum disease [4].
Classification is the systematic groups or categories, based on common attributes. An everyday example of a vehicle classification by categories such as cars, SUVs and trucks. Classification systems provides a tool for the study of the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal diseases in an orderly manner. Periodontal diseases are divided into types, classification, based on their specific bacterial etiology, development and clinical manifestations.
A. periodontal pocket is a pathological deepening of the
gingival sulcus.
1. Pocket formation is the result of (1) the apical migration paroxizmalnaya form epithelium, (2) destruction of the periodontal ligament fibers, and (3) the destruction of alveolar bone.
2. Apical migration is the movement of cells JE from their normal position-the coronal to FAC-position in the apical to FAC. In health, paroxizmalnaya form of skin cells attach to the enamel of the tooth crown. In periodontal disease, JE cells attach to cement tooth root.