1. The
Gingival Sulcus. In health, the rate ranges from 0.5 to 3 mm in depth. In paroxizmalna form epithelium coronal to the FAC and attached along its length to the enamel of the tooth. (Fig. 3-19).
2. Gingival Pockets. In the gingival pocket deepening of the gingival sulcus as a result of swelling or enlargement gum tissue (Fig. 3-20).
A. False Pocket. Also known as pseudopocket,to false " pocket because there is no destruction of the periodontal ligament fibres or of the alveolar bone in the gingival pocket.
1. Loss of investment in Periodontal pockets
And loss of investment is the destruction of fibers and bone that support the teeth.
B. tissue destruction is distributed not only in the apical (in vertical direction), but in the lateral (side-to-side direction.
C. pocket on different surface of roots of a single tooth can have different depth. The loss of affection may differ from the surface to the surface of the tooth, with a base in your pocket to show very irregular destruction of tissues (Fig. 3-18).
Periodontal disease results in different types of defects in the alveolar bone. These
bone defects are called bone defects.
A. Infrabony Defects
1. Infrabony defects when bone resorption occurs unevenly, an oblique direction. In infrabony defects of bone resorption primarily affects one tooth.
2. Classification Infrabony defects. Infrabony defects are classified based on the number of bone wall. Infrabony defects can have one, two or three walls (Fig. 3-15).
And the path of inflammation in the horizontal bone loss
1. In the horizontal bone loss, inflammation is distributed in the tissues in the following order: (1) in the connective tissue of the gums along connective tissue membranes surrounding blood vessels (2) in the alveolar bone, and (3) and, finally, into the periodontal ligament space (Fig. 3-14a).
1. The structure of bone loss. Two types of bone loss (1) horizontal and (2) vertical bone loss.
A. Horizontal Bone Loss
1. Horizontal bone loss is the most common scheme of bone loss (Fig. 3-12).
2. This type of bone loss results in a fairly even, a General reduction in the height of the alveolar ridge.
1. Reduced bone height
A. the height of the bone health and gingivitis. Health and gingivitis, crest of the alveolar bone is approximately 2 mm apical (see below) CEJs teeth (Fig. 3-9).
1. Changes in the connective tissue of the gums are serious. The breakdown of collagen in the zone of inflammation, is almost completed.
2. There is widespread destruction of supragingival fiber bundles, reducing them to a fibre fragments. The destruction of the periodontal ligament and fiber bundles makes it easier for paroxizmalnaya form epithelium to move along the top surface of the root.
1. Signs of periodontitis
A. the extent of the tissue destruction
1. Periodontitis is a type of periodontal disease, which is characterized by (1) the apical migration paroxizmalnaya form epithelium, (2) loss of connective tissue attachment, and (3) loss of alveolar bone.
2. On the damage of fabrics of parodont is permanent.
1. Gingival swelled and loses its knife-adaptation to the edge of the tooth.
2. Gum tissue may encompass more of a tooth crown due to swelling of the tissues or fibrosis.
C. Interdental papillae: interdental papillae often bulbous and swollen.
1. Signs Of Gingivitis.
Gingivitis is a type of periodontal disease characterized by changes in the color, outline, and the consistency of the gingival tissue (Fig. 3-6).
A. the beginning of gingivitis. Gingivitis is observed clinically from 4 to 14 days after the RAID biofilms accumulates in the gingival sulcus.
1. Acute gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums, which lasts for a short period of time. Acute gingivitis often characterized the gingival fluid in the connective tissue, which results in swollen gums.