Refined Carbohydrates

A diet with a high content of refined carbohydrates, can play an important role in the increased risk of periodontal disease.

1. Excessive intake of refined carbohydrates can affect the immune response and may lead to further destruction of periodontal tissues in patients with existing periodontal disease through such mechanisms as the action of enzymes (i.e., collagenase) and Pro-inflammatory mediators (i.e., interleukin-1, and interleukin-6).

2. Diet with a high content of refined carbohydrates and fats to cause the rapid release of glucose in the blood (table. 21-1). High levels of glucose in the blood increases the level of triglycerides and stimulate the release of insulin, which reduces the body's ability to break down fat stored in fat depots. Diet-induced hyperlipidemia (excess of lipids in the blood) may also increase the inflammation [13].

D. Proteins

1. Protein deficiency can affect the host objections that could modulate the progress of periodontitis.

2. Cellular immunity, complement system, phagocytic activity and cytokine production to meet protein insufficiency [14].

3. Severe protein deficiency known as kwashiorkor; body length can lead to a shift in subgingival bacteria oral includes more than periodontal pathogens [15].

4. In animal studies severe protein deficiency led to the increase in the number of periodontitis [16].

Antioxidants E.

1. Though controversial, it has been suggested that a diet deficient in antioxidants may play a role in the increased risk of periodontal disease.

2. Antioxidants are substances that occur naturally in the body and, in some products; antioxidants inhibit oxidation and thus block cell damage by free radicals.

a. As part of their normal functions of the body cells form toxic molecules called free radicals. Oxygen damage (oxidation process) for cells occurs when too many free radicals present in the body tissues. B. Researchers suggest that damage cells in the result of free radicals - maybe partly responsible for the consequences of aging and certain diseases, and that antioxidants can block this damage.

3. These antioxidants, a number of enzymes and other substances, such as vitamins a, C, E and the minerals zinc and selenium.

4. Including antioxidants in the diet can modulate the inflammatory process [13].

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